Joshua -- Chapter Six

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The Book of Joshua, Chapter Six

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The Fall of Jericho
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1. Why was Jericho tightly shut up, so that no one went out and no one came in, what did the LORD tell Joshua he had done, how many times did the LORD tell Joshua to march around the city with all the armed men, how many days did the LORD tell Joshua that he and his armed men were to march around the city, what did the LORD tell Joshua the seven priests were to do, how many times did the LORD tell Joshua they were to march around the city on the seventh day with the priests blowing the trumpets, what did the LORD tell Joshua the people were to do when they heard the priests sound a long blast on the trumpets, and what did the LORD tell Joshua would happen when the people did this?

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   The city of Jericho, built thousands of years before Joshua was born, was one of the oldest cities in the world. In some places it had fortified walls up to 25 feet high and 20 feet thick. Soldiers standing guard on top of the walls could see for miles. Jericho was a symbol of military power and strength - the Canaanites considered it invincible. (The Life Application Study Bible - Zondervan)
   Israel would attack this city first, and its destruction would put the fear of Israel into the heart of every person in Canaan. The Canaanites saw Israel's God as a nature god because he parted the Jordan and as a war god because he defeated Sihon and Og. But the Canaanites did not consider him a fortress god - one who could prevail against a walled city. The defeat of Jericho showed not only that Israel's God was superior to the Canaanite gods, but also that he was invincible. (The Life Application Study Bible - Zondervan)
   God told Joshua that Jericho was already delivered into his hands - the enemy was already defeated! What confidence Joshua must have had as he went into battle! Christians also fight against a defeated enemy. Our enemy, Satan, has been defeated by Christ (Romans 8:37-39; Hebrews 2:14, 15; 1st John 3:8). Although we still fight battles every day and sin runs rampant in the world, we have the assurance that the war has already been won. We do not have to be paralyzed by the power of a defeated enemy; we can overcome him through Christ's power. (The Life Application Study Bible - Zondervan)
   Why did God give Joshua all these complicated instructions for the battle? Several answers are possible: (1) God was making it undeniably clear that the battle would depend upon him, and not upon Israel's weapons and expertise. This is why priests carrying the ark, not soldiers, led the Israelites into battle. (2) God's method of taking the city accentuated the terror already felt in Jericho (2:9). (3) This strange military maneuver was a test of the Israelites' faith and their willingness to follow God completely. The blowing of the trumpets had a special significance. They had been instructed to blow the same trumpets used in the religious festivals in their battles to remind them that their victory would come from the Lord, not their own military might (Numbers 10:9). (The Life Application Study Bible - Zondervan)

2. What did Joshua say to the priests when he called them, and what did he order the people to do?

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   Though repetitious, the account is not tedious. The suspense builds until it reaches its climax in verse 20. The orders Joshua passed on to the people are summarized here (cross-reference verses 2-5). Separate orders were given to the priests and to the people.

3. What did the seven priests, who were carrying the seven trumpets before the LORD, do when Joshua had spoken to the people, and what was following the seven priests?

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   The phrase "before the Lord" is a vivid reminder that the ark symbolized God's presence. The parallel statement in verse 4 says that the seven priests were to carry seven horns before the ark.

4. Who marched ahead of the seven priests who blew the trumpets, who followed the ark, what was sounding all this time, what did Joshua say to the people, how many times did Joshua have the ark of the LORD carried around, circling the city, and what did the people do after this?

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   The presence of warriors before and behind the ark indicates that the Israelites would have to fight. Perhaps the "armed guard" mentioned here consisted of the two and one-half tribes from Transjordan (cross-reference 4:12-13). Because of the privileges granted them, they were to lead the others into every battle. Joshua's instructions here recall the orders he had given earlier (verses 6-7; cross-reference verse 5).
   No details are given as to how the march was conducted. Jericho occupied only about five or six acres of land. Even though the Israelites must have maintained sufficient distance from the city to be safely beyond the range of enemy arrows, it is possible that the head of the column had arrived back at the camp before the last of the rear guard left.

5. What happened when Joshua got up early the next morning, what did the seven priests carrying the seven trumpets do, what did the armed men do, what did the rear guard do while the trumpets kept sounding, how many times did they march around the city before returning to camp, and how many days did they do this?

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   This repetitious narrative conveys something of the tedium of marching around the city day after day for six days.

6. What did Joshua, the priests, the guards and the people do on the seventh day, how many times did they circle the city on the seventh day, when the priests sounded the trumpet blast, what did Joshua command the people to do on the seventh time around, why did Joshua tell them to do this, what did Joshua say the city and all that was in it were to be, whom did Joshua say was the only ones to be spared, why were they to be spared, why were the people to keep away from the devoted things, and what did Joshua say was sacred to the LORD and must go into the LORD's treasury?

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   On the seventh day the Israelites set out "at daybreak" because of all that needed to be accomplished that day. Considering the size of Jericho and the number of Israelite troops, it is likely that when "they circled the city seven times," the column doubled over on itself again and again until the city was surrounded many columns deep.
   The eagerly awaited command to shout was given. Before telling us what happened, details are inserted (verses 17-19) concerning commands that Joshua must have given earlier (verses 6-7). "Devoted" represents the Hebrew word translated "completely destroyed" in 2:10. Jericho was Israel's first conquest in the land of Canaan, a kind of firstfruits; therefore everything in it was holy - humans, animals, and property - and was to be consecrated to the Lord (cross-reference Exodus 23:31-33; 34:11-14; Deuteronomy 2:32-35; 3:3-7; 20:16-18; et al.).
   Rahab's profession continues to be mentioned here and in verses 22 and 25 to emphasize that she was a trophy of God's grace. Her hiding of the spies is stated as the reason for her deliverance (cross-reference Hebrews 11:31; James 2:25). The themes of judgment and salvation often appear side by side in Scripture (cross-reference Genesis 6-8; 19:1-29; see also John 3:16-21).
   Joshua had made it plain that the whole nation could be devoted to destruction through the action of a single person. This verse prepares us for the story of Achan (chapter 7). Metals are not destroyed by fire. They had to be removed from common use by being placed in the treasury of the sanctuary to provide for the necessities of the sanctuary and the priests.

7. What happened when the trumpets sounded, what happened when the people gave a loud shout at the sound of the trumpet, what did every man do, and what did they to the city?

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   The narrative, which has been interrupted by the instructions concerning the things devoted to destruction, is now resumed. To emphasize the divine intervention, no secondary causes for the collapse of the wall are mentioned. The destruction of the defenders of the city together with their women and children involved the Israelites in hand-to-hand combat. Their enemies were not able to fight effectively because they were demoralized, outnumbered, and taken by surprise. Everything in the city was devoted to the Lord.

8. What did Joshua say to the two men who had spied out the land, who did the two men bring out of the land, and where did the two men put them?

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   Evidently the part of the wall where Rahab's house was located was miraculously preserved. Rahab and her family were put in "a place outside the camp" as a kind of ritual quarantine. The camp of Israel was holy, and nothing unclean could be allowed to enter (cross-reference Leviticus 13:46; Numbers 5:3; 31:19; Deuteronomy 23:3,14). After the passage of time and the observance of appropriate rituals, they were received into the congregation (see verse 25).

9. What did Joshua and the people do to the whole city and everything in it, but where did they put the silver and gold and the articles of bronze and iron, and where did Rahab the prostitute, with her family and all who belonged to her, live to this day because she hid the men Joshua had sent as spies to Jericho?

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   The term "the Lord's house" is generally applied only to the temple, though the Bible often applies later terminology to an earlier institution. The statement "she [Rahab] lives among the Israelites to this day" most likely means that Rahab lived on in her posterity, not that this account was written during her lifetime. Thus concludes the two themes of chapter 2: the capture of Jericho and the salvation of Rahab.

10. Whom did Joshua say would be cursed before the LORD, how will this man lay its foundation, how will this man set up its gates, and because the LORD was with Joshua what spread throughout the land?

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   The city of Jericho was to remain an object lesson of God's great victory in Israel's very first battle. Though the city was soon resettled (18:21; Judges 3:13-14; 2nd Samuel 10:5), the curse uttered here was not fulfilled until the time of King Ahab, when Hiel, a resident of Bethel, rebuilt the wall around Jericho to make it a fortress once again.
   Joshua was firmly established as leader in Israel (cross-reference 1:1-9; 2:9-11; 4:14; 5:1-3). The statement "The Lord was with Joshua" marks the climax of his rise to leadership, fulfilling God's promise in 1:5. The people had pledged their loyalty to Joshua on the condition that the Lord would be with him (1:17). This triumphant summary statement in no way prepares us for the disaster in chapter 7.

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Answers to Joshua 6
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1. Because of the Israelites...delivered Jericho into his hands, along with its kings and its fighting men...once...six...carry trumpets of rams' horns in front of the ark...seven...give a loud shout...the wall of the city will collapse and the people will go up, every man straight in
2. "Take up the ark of the covenant of the L
ORD and have seven priests carry trumpets in front of it."..."Advance! March around the city, with the armed guard going ahead of the ark of the LORD."
3. They went forward, blowing their trumpets...the ark of the L
ORD's covenant
4. The armed guard...the rear guard...the trumpets..."Do not give a war cry, do not raise your voice, do not say a word until the day I tell you to shout. Then shout!"...once...they return to camp and spent the night there
5. The priests took up the ark of the L
ORD...they went forward, marching before the ark of the LORD, blowing the trumpets...they went ahead of them...they followed the ark of the LORD...once...six
6. They got up at daybreak and marched around the city seven times in the same manner...seven..."Shout!"...for the L
ORD had given them the city...devoted to the LORD...Rahab the prostitute and all who were with her in her house...because she had hid the spies that had been sent...so that the people will not bring about their own destruction by taking any of the them. Otherwise the devoted things will make the camp of Israel liable to destruction and bring trouble on it...all the silver and gold and the articles of bronze and iron
7. The people shouted...the wall collapsed...they charged straight in, and they took the city...they devoted the city to the L
ORD and destroyed with the sword every living thing in it - men and women, young and old, cattle, sheep and donkeys.
8. "Go into the prostitute's house and bring her out and all who belong to her, in accordance with your oath to her."...Rahab, her father and mother and brothers and all who belonged to her...in a place outside the camp of Israel
9. They burned it...into the treasury of the L
ORD's house...among the Israelites
10. The man who undertakes to rebuild this city, Jericho...at the cost of his firstborn son...at the cost of his youngest...his fame

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NIV Commentary - Zondervan