2nd Corinthians -- Chapter Four

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The Second Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Corinthians, Chapter Four
 

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Treasures in Jars of Clay
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1. Why did Paul say and he Timothy does not lose heart, what did Paul say they have renounced, what did Paul say they do not use, what did Paul say they do not distort, and on the contrary, what did Paul say they do?

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   Preachers, teachers, and anyone else who talks about Jesus Christ must remember that they stand in God's presence - he hears every word. When you tell people about Christ, be careful not to distort the message to please your audience. Proclaim the truth of God's Word.

2. Who did Paul say their gospel is veiled to, who did Paul say has blinded the minds of unbelievers, and why did Paul say he does this?

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   The gospel is open and revealed to everyone, except to those who refuse to believe. Satan is "the god of this age." His work is to deceive, and he has blinded those who don't believe in Christ.

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Cross-reference 2nd Corinthians 11:14, 15
(14)
And no wonder, for Satan himself masquerades as an angel of light. (15)It is not surprising, then, if his servants masquerade as servants of righteousness. Their end will be what their actions deserve.

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   The allure of money, power, and pleasure blinds people to the light of Christ's gospel. Those who reject Christ and prefer their own pursuits have unknowingly made Satan their god.

3. What did Paul say he and Timothy did not do, how did Paul say they did preach, who did Paul say had made his light shine in Paul and Timothy's heart, and why did Paul say God had done this?

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   The focus of Paul's preaching was Christ and not himself. When you witness, tell people about what Christ has done, and not about your abilities and accomplishments. People must be introduced to Christ, not to you. And if you hear someone preaching himself or his own ideas rather than Christ, beware - he is a false teacher.
   Paul willingly served the Corinthian church even though the people must have deeply disappointed him. Serving people requires a sacrifice of time and personal desires. Being Christ's follower means serving others, even when they do not measure up to our expectations.

4. What did Paul say he and Timothy had in jars of clay to show that this all-surpassing power is from God and not from them, what did Paul say they were on every side, what did Paul say they always carry around in their body, why did Paul say they did this, what did Paul say all who are alive are always being given over to for Jesus' sake, why did Paul say this was done, and although Paul say death is at work in them, what was at work in believers?

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   The supremely valuable message of salvation Paul reminds us that though we may think we are at the end of the rope, we are never at the end of hope. Our perishable bodies are subject to sin and suffering, but God never abandons us. Because Christ has won the victory over death, we have eternal life. All our risks, humiliations, and trials are opportunities for Christ to demonstrate his power and presence in and through us.

5. What did Paul say was written, what did Paul say he and Timothy did with the same spirit of faith, why did Paul say they did this, what did Paul say this was done for, and what was the reason this was done?

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   But what enabled Paul faithfully to discharge his ministry, even though it involved suffering? It was (1) his sharing the psalmist's conviction that faith cannot remain silent and (2) his own Christian conviction that Christ's resurrection guarantees the resurrection of all believers. (NIV Commentary - Zondervan)
   Regarding the first reason, Paul quotes Psalm 116:10a: "I believed; therefore I have spoken." The psalmist recounts a divine deliverance from a desperate illness and its accompanying despondency (verses 1-11) and then considers how he might most fittingly render his devotion to the Lord (verses 12-19). (NIV Commentary - Zondervan)

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Cross-reference Psalm 116:1-19
    
(1)
I love the L
ORD, for he heard my voice;
            he heard my cry for mercy.
     (2)Because he turned his ear to me,
            I will call on him as long as I live.

     (3)The cords of death entangled me,
            the anguish of the grave came upon me;
            I was overcome by trouble and sorrow.
     (4)Then I called on the name of the L
ORD:
            "O L
ORD, save me!"
     (5)The L
ORD is gracious and righteous;
            our God is full of compassion.
     (6)The L
ORD protects the simplehearted;
            when I was in great need, he saved me.

     (7)Be at rest once more, O my soul,
            for the L
ORD has been good to you.

     (8)For you, O LORD, have delivered my soul from death,
            my eyes from tears,
            my feet from stumbling,
     (9)that I may walk before the L
ORD
            in the land of the living.
   (10)I believed; therefore I said,
            "I am greatly afflicted."
   (11)And in my dismay I said,
            "All men are liars."

   (12)How can I repay the LORD
            for all his goodness to me?
   (13)I will lift up the cup of salvation
            and call on the name of the L
ORD.
   (14)I will fulfill my vows to the L
ORD
            in the presence of all his people.

   (15)Precious in the sight of the LORD
            is the death of his saints.
   (16)O L
ORD, truly I am your servant;
            I am your servant, the son of your maidservant;
            you have freed me from my chains.

   (17)I will sacrifice a thank offering to you
          and call on the name of the L
ORD.
   (18)I will fulfill my vows to the L
ORD
            in the presence of all his people,
   (19)in the courts of the house of the L
ORD
            in your midst, O Jerusalem.

        Praise the LORD.

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   In a real sense, then, the psalmist's expression of thanksgiving arose from his vindicated trust in God: "I held firm to my faith and was vindicated; therefore I have spoken." Similarly, Paul, for his part, could not remain silent about the Gospel he believed: "Woe to me if I do not preach the gospel" (1st Corinthians 9:16). (NIV Commentary - Zondervan)
   A second reason Paul proclaimed the good news with the utmost confidence (cross-reference 3:12) was a firm conviction of his persona resurrection and his being presented along with all believers before the presence of God or Christ. (NIV Commentary - Zondervan)

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Cross-reference 2nd Corinthians 11:2
(2)
I am jealous for you with a godly jealousy. I promised you to one husband, to Christ, so that I might present you as a pure virgin to him.

Cross-reference Ephesians 5:27
...(27)
and live a life of love, just as Christ loved us and gave himself up for us as a fragrant offering and sacrifice to God.

Cross-reference Colossians 1:22
(22)
But now he has reconciled you by Christ's physical body through death to present you holy in his sight, without blemish and free from accusation—

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   Our being raised "with Jesus" means that the resurrected Christ forms the prototype and ground of our resurrection. (NIV Commentary - Zondervan)

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Cross-reference 1st Thessalonians 4:14
(14)
We believe that Jesus died and rose again and so we believe that God will bring with Jesus those who have fallen asleep in him.

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His resurrection from the dead is the firstfruits of the Easter harvest; ours is the full ingathering. (NIV Commentary - Zondervan)

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Cross-reference 1st Corinthians 15:23
(23)
But each in his own turn: Christ, the firstfruits; then, when he comes, those who belong to him.

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   This verse (2nd Corinthians 4:15) concludes a section of Paul's thought, for in verse l6 he repeats the phrase "do not lose heart" from verse 1.Rather movingly, he reminds his convert that he endures all his afflictions with resilience, not to promote his own good but for their benefit (cross-reference 4:5), and ultimately for God's glory. As God's grace expanded in their hearts and through them reached ever-increasing numbers, so too the volume of thanksgiving to God for the receipt of illumination (cross-reference 4:6) was increasing and promoting the glory of God. (NIV Commentary - Zondervan)

6. What did Paul say he and Timothy does not lose, what did Paul say they were doing inwardly, though outwardly they were wasting away, what did Paul say their light and momentary troubles were achieving for them, what did Paul say they fix their eyes on instead of what is seen, what did Paul say is temporary, and what did Paul say is eternal?

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   Paul had faced sufferings, trials, and distress as he preached the Good News. But he knew that they would one day be over, and he would obtain God's rest and rewards. As we face great troubles, it's easy to focus on the pain rather than on our ultimate goal. Just as athletes concentrate on the finish line and ignore their discomfort, we too must focus on the reward for our faith and the joy that lasts forever. No matter what happens to us in this life, we have the assurance of eternal life, when all suffering will end and all sorrow will flee away.

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Cross-reference Isaiah 35:10
   
(10)  
and the ransomed of the LORD will return.
          They will enter Zion with singing;
             everlasting joy will crown their heads.
          Gladness and joy will overtake them,
             and sorrow and sighing will flee away.

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   It is easy to lose heart and quit. We all have faced problems in our relationships or in our work that have caused us to want to think about laying down the tools and walking away. Rather than giving up when persecution wore him down, Paul concentrated on experiencing the inner strength from the Holy Spirit.

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Cross-reference Ephesians 3:16
(16)
I pray that out of his glorious riches he may strengthen you with power through his Spirit in your inner being,..

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   Don't let fatigue, pain, or criticism force you off the job. Renew your commitment to serving Christ. Don't forsake your eternal reward because of the intensity of today's pain. Your very weakness allows the resurrection power of Christ to strengthen you moment by moment.
   Our troubles should not diminish our faith or disillusion us. We should realize that there is a purpose in our suffering. Problems and human limitations have several benefits: (1) they remind us of Christ's suffering for us; (2) they keep us from pride; (3) they cause us to look beyond this brief life; (4) they prove our faith to others; and (5) they give God the opportunity to demonstrate his power. See your troubles as opportunities!
   Our ultimate hope when we are experiencing terrible illness, persecution, or pain is the realization that this life is not all there is - there is life after death! Knowing that we will live forever with God in a place without sin and suffering can help us live above the pain that we face in this life.

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Answers to 2nd Corinthians 4
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1. Because through God's mercy they have this ministry...secret and shameful ways...deception...the word of God...by setting forth the truth plainly they commend themselves to every man's conscience in the sight of God
2. Those who are perishing...the god of this age...so that they cannot see the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God
3. Preach themselves...Jesus Christ as Lord, and themselves as their (the believers) servants for Jesus' sake...God, who said, "Let light shine out of darkness,"...to give them the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Christ
4. This treasure...hard pressed but not crushed; perplexed, but not in despair; persecuted, but not abandoned; struck down, but not destroyed...the death of Jesus...so that the life of Jesus may also be revealed in their body...death...so that his (Jesus') life may be revealed in their mortal body...life
5. "I believed; therefore I have spoken."...they also believe and therefore speak...because they knew that the one who raised the Lord Jesus from the dead will also raise them with Jesus and present them with the believers in his presence...the believers benefit...so that the grace that is reaching more and more people may cause thanksgiving to overflow to the glory of God
6. Heart...they were being renewed day by day...an eternal glory that far outweighs them all...on what is unseen...what is seen...what is unseen

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The Life Application Study Bible - NIV - Zondervan